When most people think about obtaining a second passport, they picture the usual paths: residency, descent, or citizenship-by-investment programs. But there's another, lesser-known route that is reserved for truly exceptional individuals: citizenship by merit.
This pathway is typically granted to people whose achievements, talents, or contributions have a direct and significant benefit to the country offering it. We're talking about world-class athletes, Nobel-level scientists, celebrated artists, or high-impact philanthropists who have made notable contributions in the national interest — leading entrepreneurs or innovators whose businesses bring economic growth, or individuals with strategic value who might anchor new industries or drive international collaboration. Unlike regular naturalization, these cases often bypass long residency requirements and are approved at the highest levels of government.
Malta's Citizenship by Merit
Malta's citizenship-by-merit framework was originally introduced in 2017 under Legal Notice 335 of 2017. In July 2025, Malta significantly strengthened and reformed this existing framework through the Maltese Citizenship (Amendment) Act XXI of 2025 and Legal Notice 159 of 2025 — formally titled the Granting of Citizenship for Exceptional Services by Merit Regulations, 2025.
This pathway allows the government to grant nationality to individuals whose personal achievements, service, or planned contributions are of exceptional interest to the Republic of Malta.
Under the updated law, applicants can be recognized for outstanding contributions in areas such as the arts, science, sport, or business. Each application is evaluated on a case-by-case basis, with approval granted at the government's discretion. Applications are considered across a wide range of areas, including:
There's no fixed investment threshold. Instead, the process is qualitative, based on the measurable impact of the applicant's past or future contributions. The assessment is overseen by the Community Malta Agency and an Evaluation Board, with the Minister responsible for citizenship making the final recommendation.
How Malta's Citizenship by Merit Process Works
Although this pathway is not designed for mass applications, it gives Malta the flexibility to welcome people whose expertise or influence can help shape the country's future. It also sends a message to the global stage that Malta values and rewards exceptional contribution.
While there is no standardized application form, the process generally involves:
Residency Stage
Applicants must obtain a residence permit in Malta before proceeding.
Proposal Letter
A detailed submission to the Community Malta Agency outlining achievements, the contribution to Malta or humanity, and plans for continued involvement after naturalization.
Initial Due Diligence
A four-tier integrity review before the proposal is sent to the Evaluation Board.
Evaluation Board Review
The Board assesses the proposal and may request additional information or interviews.
Approval in Principle
If successful, the Minister issues a preliminary approval letter.
Citizenship Application
Submitted after at least eight months of legal residence, with supporting documents including proof of contribution, endorsement from a competent body, and evidence of integration (such as language proficiency).
Who can be included
Final Approval & Oath
Following a second due diligence review, final approval is granted, and the applicant takes the Oath of Allegiance.
Post-Naturalization Monitoring
The government monitors ongoing compliance with commitments, with the option to revoke citizenship for serious breaches.
What Counts as 'Exceptional Service'?
The law defines exceptional service or contribution as work that delivers a clear and measurable benefit to Malta's national interest. Examples include:
Initiatives that create jobs or strengthen the economy
Cultural or technological projects that enhance Malta's international reputation
Humanitarian or social programmes that align with Malta's values
Achievements recognized at an international level
Applications are also considered in line with Malta's Vision 2050, ensuring that contributions support the country's long-term strategic goals.
No Citizenship by Investment in Malta
Malta no longer offers a citizenship-by-investment route, known as Malta's Exceptional Investor Naturalization (MEIN). The investor-based programme was terminated following the 29 April 2025 European Court of Justice ruling (Case C-181/23) against the commercialisation of EU citizenship.
Note that applicants who had pending MEIN applications at the time of the ruling should seek official clarification from the Community Malta Agency, as their status may vary — some may have been grandfathered under transitional provisions, while others may have been discontinued.
Today, any investment component must qualify under the merit-based framework, with decisions grounded in national interest rather than a transactional model. To learn more about Malta's broader residency and nationality options, read our guide on Malta Golden Visa and Citizenship by Investment.
Other Countries With Similar Provisions
While Malta's updated law is attracting attention, many other nations have comparable pathways for exceptional contributors. Examples include:
🇦🇹 Austria
For extraordinary achievements in science, business, arts, or sports.
🇫🇷 France
For exceptional services or talents beneficial to the country.
🇪🇸 Spain
For notable contributions to culture, science, or the economy.
🇵🇹 Portugal
For relevant contributions to Portugal's cultural, economic or social development.
🇮🇹 Italy
For exceptional service to Italy or state interest.
🇦🇪 United Arab Emirates
For investors, scientists, creatives, and other high-achieving professionals.
🇨🇦 Canada
Discretionary grants for athletes or contributors of exceptional value to the nation.
🇵🇭 Philippines
Congressional acts of naturalization for foreign nationals with exceptional contributions.
In almost every case, these programs are rare, highly selective, and require approval by senior government authorities. They are not a substitute for mainstream residency or investment routes but rather an exceptional honour given to those whose presence is seen as a national asset. You can also explore which European country offers the easiest path to citizenship if you are considering broader EU options.
Is Citizenship by Merit Right for You?
If you are a global leader in your field, have a track record of high-level achievements, and can demonstrate tangible benefits you could bring to a country, then citizenship by merit could be worth exploring. A second passport can offer far more than travel convenience — from asset protection and family security to long-term global mobility planning.
The process is often opaque and varies by jurisdiction, so expert guidance is essential to determine eligibility and prepare a compelling case.
Frequently Asked Questions
Is there a minimum investment or donation required for Malta's citizenship by merit?
No. Malta's citizenship by merit has no set financial threshold. The decision is based on the quality and impact of your contribution, not the size of your investment or donation. However, if you're using a lawyer or a citizenship consultant, you'll be required to pay their fees.
Who decides if my contribution is exceptional?
Your proposal is reviewed by the Evaluation Board and must also be endorsed by a designated competent body in your field. The Minister responsible for citizenship has the final say on whether your contribution qualifies.
Can citizenship be revoked after it is granted?
Yes. If you fail to honour the commitments outlined in your proposal or are found in serious breach of Malta's laws and obligations, the Minister has the authority to revoke your citizenship. However, if you're a law-abiding individual, you have nothing to worry about.
Ready to Explore Your Options?
Every relocation situation is different. The right investment structure, the right visa pathway, and the right timing all depend on your specific circumstances.
